Reference List for “Complete 911 Timeline”

Military Exercises Up to 9/11

Project: Complete 911 Timeline
Open-Content project managed by matt, Paul, KJF, blackmax

View corresponding timeline

174th Fighter Wing. 2005. “History.” 9 December.
http://www.dmna.state.ny.us/ang/174/174_hist.htm

1st Fighter Association. 2003. “1st Fighter Wing: Operation Noble Eagle.”
http://www.1stfighter.com/F15s/ONE.html

1st Fighter Association. 2006. “History of the 71st Fighter Squadron.” 14 March.
http://www.1stfighter.com/history/71stHISTORY.htm

9/11 Commission. 2003. Transcript. Public hearing: September 11, 2001: The attacks and the response and reforming civil aviation security: Next steps.
http://www.9-11commission.gov/archive/hearing2/9-11Commission_Hearing_2003-05-23…

9/11 Commission. 2004. Testimony of Richard A. Clarke before the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States.
http://www.9-11commission.gov/hearings/hearing8/clarke_statement.pdf

9/11 Commission. 2004. Tenth Public Hearing.
http://www.9-11commission.gov/archive/hearing10/9-11Commission_Hearing_2004-04-1…

9/11 Commission. 2004. Transcript. Eleventh Public Hearing of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States.
http://www.9-11commission.gov/archive/hearing11/9-11Commission_Hearing_2004-05-1…

9/11 Commission. 2004. Testimony of the Former Commissioner of the New York City Police Department Bernard B. Kerik.
http://www.9-11commission.gov/hearings/hearing11/kerik_statement.pdf

9/11 Commission. 2004. Testimony of Jerome M. Hauer Before the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States.
http://www.9-11commission.gov/hearings/hearing11/hauer_statement.pdf

9/11 Commission. 2004. Transcript. Eleventh Public Hearing of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States.
http://www.9-11commission.gov/archive/hearing11/9-11Commission_Hearing_2004-05-1…

9/11 Commission. 2004. Transcript. 9/11 Commission staff statement no. 17: Improvising a homeland defense.
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/5233007

9/11 Commission. 2004. Final report of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States.
http://web.archive.org/web/20041020144854/http://www.decloah.com/mirrors/9-11/91…

ABC News. 2004. “Worst case scenario: Secret plan to control US government after an attack went into motion on 9/11.” 25 April.
http://web.archive.org/web/20040429063810/http://abcnews.go.com/sections/Nightli…

Abel, David. 2004. “Conservative side showed in Hub days.” Boston Globe. 29 March.
http://www.boston.com/news/nation/articles/2004/03/29/conservative_side_showed_i…

Aerospace America. 2001. “Information and command and control systems.” December.
http://www.aiaa.org/portal/index.cfm?getcomm=69

Agence France-Presse. 1998. “Bin Laden may be planning attack on US, says weekly.” 15 December.
http://www.indianexpress.com/res/web/pIe/ie/daily/19981215/34950094.html

Air Force Association. 2002. Press release. “Air Force Association presents National Aerospace Awards.” 2 October.
http://www.afa.org/media/press/natlawards.asp

Airman. 2001. “Air National Guard.” January.
http://www.af.mil/news/airman/0101/ang.html

Arkin, William M. 2005. Code names: Deciphering US military plans, programs, and operations in the 9/11 world. Hanover, NH: Steerforth.
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1586420836/centerforcoop-20

Baker, Robert A. 2005. “On 9/11: 'This is my war, and I will fight it.'” Post-Standard (Syracuse). 27 March.

Balz, Dan and Bob Woodward. 2002. “America's chaotic road to war (PART 1: Sept. 11).” Washington Post. 27 January.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/07/18/AR2006071801175.…

BBC. 1998. “Containment: The Iraqi no-fly zones.” 29 December.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/events/crisis_in_the_gulf/forces_and_firepower/244364…

BBC. 2001. The day that shook the world. London: BBC Worldwide.
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0563488026/centerforcoop-20

BBC. 2004. “Profile: Richard Clarke.” 22 March.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/3559087.stm

BBC News. 2001. “'We're ready' says US air chief.” 13 September.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/1541735.stm

Boivin, Janet. 2001. “Pentagon nurse quells chaos of terrorist attack.” Nursing Spectrum. 24 September.
http://include.nurse.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=2001109110307

Borger, Julian. 2004. “Hijackers Fly into Pentagon? No Chance, Said Top Brass 'Unrealistic' war game pooh-poohed before 9/11.” Guardian. 15 April.
http://www.guardian.co.uk/september11/story/0,11209,1192226,00.html

Boyne, Walter J. 2000. “Red Flag.” Air Force Magazine. November.
http://www.airforce-magazine.com/MagazineArchive/Pages/2000/November%202000/1100…

Buncombe, Andrew. 2004. “Richard Clarke: 'Iraq could be much more of a problem for America than if Saddam had stayed in power.'” Independent. 14 June.
http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/richard-clarke-iraq-could-be-much-more-…

Camelo, Wilson. 2000. “EAF Online preps troops for AEF deployments.” Air Force Print News. June.
http://www.af.mil/news/airman/0600/consumer.htm

Canadian Chief of Defense Staff. 2001. An Honour To Serve: Annual Report of the Chief of Defence Staff of Canada.
http://www.cds.forces.ca/00native/pdf/CDSreport_e.pdf

Center for Biosecurity. 2002. “Dark Winter scenario: Overview.” www.upmc-biosecurity.org.
http://www.upmc-biosecurity.org/website/events/2001_darkwinter/index.html

Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. 2000. Joint training master plan 2002 for the armed forces of the United States. Washington, DC: Joint Staff.
http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/jel/cjcsd/cjcsi/3500_02c.pdf

Christensen, John. 1999. “Bracing for guerrilla warfare in cyberspace.” CNN. 6 April.
http://edition.cnn.com/TECH/specials/hackers/cyberterror/

City of New York. Office of Emergency Management. 2002. Press release. “New York City Office of Emergency Management Holds Trial Point-of-Dispensing Drill (Tripod).” 22 May.
http://web.archive.org/web/20030626185936/http://nyc.gov/html/oem/html/other/sub…

Clarke, Richard A. 2004. Against all enemies: Inside America's war on terror. New York, NY: Basic Books.
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0743260244/centerforcoop-20

CNN. 2002. Transcript. “Airborne Anti-Terrorist Operation Getting Underway.” CNN Live Today.
http://www.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0206/04/lt.08.html

Cockburn, Andrew. 2007. Rumsfeld: His rise, fall, and catastrophic legacy. New York: Scribner.
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1416535748/centerforcoop-20/

Cooper, Richard T. 2001. “Outside Pentagon, a Defenseless Feeling.” Los Angeles Times. 13 September.
http://web.archive.org/web/20030727062125/http:/www.newsday.com/news/nationworld…

Coryell, George. 2001. “Exercise simulates terrorist missile attack.” Tampa Tribune. 3 June.
http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/tampatribune/access/73701304.html?dids=73701304:7370…

Coultas, Bob. 2001. “Displaced patients return: Hospital resumes normal operations.” Stripe. 6 September.
http://www.dcmilitary.com/dcmilitary_archives/stories/090601/10164-1.shtml

Dejka, Joe. 2002. “Inside StratCom on Sept. 11 Offutt Exercise Took Real-Life Twist.” Omaha World-Herald. 27 February.

Department of Homeland Security. Federal Emergency Management Agency. 2003. A Regional Approach to Terrorism and All-Hazards Preparedness: Pennsylvania Region 13 Working Group.
http://www.fema.gov/pdf/preparedness/pennsmartpractice.pdf

Domrose, Cathryn. 2001. “Shell-shocked again: Six years after the Oklahoma City bombing, nurses and medical teams nationwide try to find ways to help in the aftermath of attacks by terrorists.” NurseWeek. 17 September.
http://www.nurseweek.com/news/features/01-09/wtc1.html

Doscher, Thomas J. 2006. “I was at Langley Air Force Base.” Langley Air Force Base. 15 September.
http://www.langley.af.mil/news/story.asp?storyID=123027154

Dubose, Lou and Jake Bernstein. 2006. Vice: Dick Cheney and the Hijacking of the American Presidency. New York City: Random House.

Duffy, Michael. 1994. “Flight of the Intruder.” Time. 26 September.
http://web.archive.org/web/20001017175409/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/arch…

Dunn, Michael A. 2001. “We must be ready, supportive, communicate.” Stripe. 20 September.
http://www.dcmilitary.com/dcmilitary_archives/stories/092001/10544-1.shtml

Filson, Leslie. 2003. Air war over America. Tyndall Air Force Base, FL: 1st Air Force.
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/061512416X/centerforcoop-20/

Garamone, Jim. 2002. “Pre-9-11 exercise forecasted first war of 21st century.” American Forces Press Service. 30 July.
http://www.defenselink.mil/news/Jul2002/n07302002_200207301.html

Gaudiano, Nicole. 2004. “Military considered hijacked plane exercise, and rejected it.” Air Force Times. 13 April.
http://www.airforcetimes.com/legacy/new/1-292925-2819359.php

Gellman, Barton. 2003. “Anti-Terror Pioneer Turns In the Badge.” Washington Post. 13 March.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn/A17694-2003Mar12

Gellman, Barton and Susan Schmidt. 2002. “Shadow government is at work in secret.” Washington Post. 1 March.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/06/09/AR2006060900891.…

Gertz, Bill. 1998. “Computer Hackers Could Disable Military.” Washington Times. 16 April.
http://www.newdimensions.net/headlines/m02.htm

Gertz, Bill. 2001. “Russian Warplanes Harass US Craft Over Pacific.” Washington Times. 11 September.
http://web.archive.org/web/20010911200655/http:/www.washtimes.com/national/20010…

Gilmore, Gerry J. 2002. “NORAD-Sponsored Exercise Prepares For Worst-Case Scenarios.” American Forces Press Service. 4 June.
http://www.defenselink.mil/news/newsarticle.aspx?id=43789

Giuliani, Rudolph W. 2002. Leadership. New York: Miramax Books.
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0786868414/centerforcoop-20/

GlobalSecurity (.org). 2001. “113th Wing.” 21 October.
http://web.archive.org/web/20011116085444/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military…

GlobalSecurity (.org). 2001. “1st Fighter Wing.” 21 October.
http://web.archive.org/web/20020603082232/http:/www.globalsecurity.org/military/…

GlobalSecurity (.org). 2001. “Fort Belvoir.” 21 October.
http://web.archive.org/web/20011114023022/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military…

GlobalSecurity (.org). 2001. “Andrews AFB, Maryland.” 15 November.
http://web.archive.org/web/20011124204239/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military…

GlobalSecurity (.org). 2001. “Military District of Washington.” 28 November.
http://web.archive.org/web/20011220003151/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military…

GlobalSecurity (.org). 2002. “Davison Army Airfield.” 5 January.
http://web.archive.org/web/20020213171534/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military…

GlobalSecurity (.org). 2002. “Fort George G. Meade.” 9 April.
http://web.archive.org/web/20021003034809/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military…

GlobalSecurity (.org). 2002. “Amalgam Virgo.” 14 April.
http://web.archive.org/web/20021105082613/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military…

GlobalSecurity (.org). 2002. “Positive Force.” 9 June.
http://web.archive.org/web/20041028043711/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military…

GlobalSecurity (.org). 2002. “Red Flag.” 19 October.
http://web.archive.org/web/20030107032853/http:/www.globalsecurity.org/military/…

GlobalSecurity (.org). 2002. “Aerospace Expeditionary Force (AEF).” 21 December.
http://web.archive.org/web/20030108034005/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military…

GlobalSecurity (.org). 2005. “Hancock Field ANGB.” 26 April.
http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/facility/hancock.htm

Goldberg, Alfred, Sarandis Papadopoulos, Diane Putney, Nancy Berlage, and Rebecca Welch. 2007. Pentagon 9/11. Washington, DC: Defense Department, Office of the Secretary, Historical Office.
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0160783283/centerforcoop-20

Graham, Bradley. 1998. “US Studies a New Threat: Cyber Attack.” Washington Post. 24 May.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/washtech/daily/may98/cyberattack052498.htm

Graham, Bradley. 2004. “Pentagon crash scenario was rejected for military exercise.” Washington Post. 14 April.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn?pagename=article&contentId=A9449-2004Ap…

Griscom, Amanda. 2001. “Man behind the mayor.” New York Magazine. 15 October.
http://www.newyorkmetro.com/nymetro/news/sept11/features/5270/

Grossman, Joe. 2001. “US starts surveillance for bioterrorism.” United Press International. 31 May.
http://archive.newsmax.com/archives/articles/2001/5/31/220803.shtml

Grossman, Joe. 2001. “Smallpox watch not linked to threat.” UPI. 22 October.
http://joegrossman.net/SmallpoxWatchNotSpecific.htm

Hallow, Ralph Z. and Dave Boyer. 2002. “White House slams hijack 'politics.'” Washington Times. 17 May.
http://web.archive.org/web/20020604021053/http://www.washtimes.com/national/2002…

Hebert, Adam J. 2002. “The return of NORAD.” Air Force Magazine. February.
http://www.airforce-magazine.com/MagazineArchive/Pages/2002/February%202002/0202…

Hebert, Adam J. 2005. “Information Battleground.” Air Force Magazine 88, no. 12. December.
http://www.afa.org/magazine/dec2005/1205info.html

Howe, Kevin. 2002. “Expert stresses need for intelligence.” Monterey County Herald. 18 July.
http://web.archive.org/web/20021128002557/http://www.montereyherald.com/mld/mont…

Jackman, Galen B. 2004. “Guardians Of The Nation's Capital.” Army. October.
http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3723/is_200410/ai_n9446377/print

Jenkins, Brian Michael and Frances Edwards-Winslow. 2003. Saving city lifelines: Lessons learned in the 9-11 terrorist attacks. Mineta Transportation Institute.
http://transweb.sjsu.edu/mtiportal/research/publications/documents/Sept11.book.h…

Kaplan, David E. 2004. “Clarke: A man on a mission.” US News and World Report. 5 April.
http://www.usnews.com/usnews/news/articles/040405/5nine11.b.htm

Kaplan, Fred. 2004. “Show Me The Money.” Slate. 22 July.
http://slate.msn.com/id/2104208/

Kline, Gretchen M. 2002. “In the Wake of Sept. 11, Just How Safe Are We?” Connellsville Daily Courier. 11 September.
http://www.pittsburghlive.com/x/tribune-review/terrorism/oneyearlater/pittsburgh…

Komarow, Steven and Tom Squitieri. 2004. “NORAD had drills of jets as weapons.” USA Today. 18 April.
http://www.usatoday.com/news/washington/2004-04-18-norad_x.htm

Kurtz, Howard. 2004. “'Armageddon' plan was put into action on 9/11, Clarke says.” Washington Post. 7 April.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn/A55877-2004Apr6

Langley Air Force Base. 2003. “1st Fighter Wing fact sheet.” November.
http://web.archive.org/web/20031223231110/http://www.langley.af.mil/staff/ho/1fw…

Langley Air Force Base. 2005. “71st Fighter Squadron.” January.
http://www.langley.af.mil/library/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=3712

Las Vegas Review-Journal. 2001. “Photo: Exercise routine.” 22 August.
http://www.reviewjournal.com/lvrj_home/2001/Aug-22-Wed-2001/news/16825904.html

Laurel Leader. 2001. “News briefs: Fort Meade begins new restrictions on entry.” 23 August.
http://news.mywebpal.com/news_tool_v2.cfm?pnpid=810&show=archivedetails&ArchiveI…

Lemonick, Michael D. 2001. “Bioterrorism: The next threat?” Time. 24 September.
http://www.time.com/time/printout/0,8816,176066,00.html

Lines, Andy. 2002. “Pentagon Chiefs Planned For Jet Attack.” Mirror. 24 May.
http://newsmine.org/archive/9-11/flight77-aa-pentagon/chiefs-planned-for-jet-att…

Little, Bernard S. 2001. “Fire cuts power at Walter Reed.” Stripe. 31 August.
http://www.dcmilitary.com/dcmilitary_archives/stories/083001/9982-1.shtml

Lord, Lance. 2002. “A year ago, a lifetime ago.” Air Force Space Command News Service. 5 September.
http://web.archive.org/web/20030126055441/http://www.peterson.af.mil/hqafspc/New…

Lowy, Joan. 2005. “Unusually tight security this time around.” Scripps Howard News Service. 11 January.
http://www.sitnews.us/0105news/011105/011105_security2_shns.html

Mann, James. 2004. Rise of the Vulcans: The history of Bush's war cabinet. New York: Penguin.
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0143034898/centerforcoop-20

Mann, James. 2004. “The Armageddon plan.” Atlantic Monthly. March.
http://www.commondreams.org/views04/0318-14.htm

Maurer, Ellen. 2001. “NNMC partners with WRAMC to take care of our patients.” Bethesda Journal. 6 September.
http://www.dcmilitary.com/dcmilitary_archives/stories/090601/10136-1.shtml

Mayer, Jane. 2008. The dark side: The inside story of how the war on terror turned into a war on American ideals. New York: Doubleday.
http://www.amazon.com/Dark-Side-Inside-Terror-American/dp/0307456293/ref=sr_1_1?…

MDW News Service. 2001. “Six guarded gates to control access to Belvoir.” July.
http://www.mdw.army.mil/content/anmviewer.asp?a=615

Mientka, Matt. 2001. “Pentagon medics trained for strike.” US Medicine. October.
http://www.usmedicine.com/article.cfm?articleID=272&issueID=31

Mientka, Matt. 2001. “Dark Winter teaches bioterror lessons.” US Medicine. December.
http://www.usmedicine.com/article.cfm?articleID=322&issueID=33

Military District of Washington. 2000. “Fort George G. Meade Background.” August.
http://web.archive.org/web/20010220105533/www.mdw.army.mil/fs-i11.htm

Military District of Washington. 2000. “The US Army Military District of Washington mission.” August.
http://web.archive.org/web/20010220113946/www.mdw.army.mil/fs-i02.htm

Military District of Washington. 2000. “History of Fort Belvoir.” August.
http://web.archive.org/web/20010220104229/www.mdw.army.mil/fs-i09.htm

Military District of Washington. 2000. “Davison US Army Airfield.” August.
http://web.archive.org/web/20010414003708/www.mdw.army.mil/fs-i14.htm

Mindel, Sunny and Matthew Higgins. 2001. “Mayor Giuliani and City, State and Federal Officials Test New York City's Emergency Preparedness During Tabletop Exercise on Bio-terrorism.” New York City Government. 11 May.
http://www.nyc.gov/html/om/html/2001a/pr149-01.html

Miner, Colin. 2003. “The Day They Quarantined NY: Exercise Called Red X Terrifies Authorities.” New York Sun. 20 December.
http://web.archive.org/web/20030216180017/http://www.nysun.com/sunarticle.asp?ar…

Mineta Transportation Institute. 2001. National Transportation Security Summit, Washington, DC. Mineta Transportation Institute.
http://transweb.sjsu.edu/mtiportal/research/publications/documents/terrorism/Ter…

Murphy, Dean E. 2002. September 11: An oral history. New York, NY: Doubleday.
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0385507682/centerforcoop-20/

Murray, Frank J. 2002. “Americans feel touch of evil; fury spurs unity.” Washington Times. 11 September.
http://web.archive.org/web/20020916222620/www.washtimes.com/september11/american…

National Guard. 1997. “NORAD: Air National Guard manning stations across the country.” September.
http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3731/is_199709/ai_n8766326?tag=untagged

National Security Archive. 2009. “The Nuclear Vault: US Nuclear Dectection and Counterterrorism, 1998-2009.” www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/. 23 January.
http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/nukevault/ebb270/

New York City Government. 2001. “Making Our City's Progress Permanent: Report of the New York City Charter Revision Commission.” 5 September.
http://web.archive.org/web/20031017213927/www.nyc.gov/html/charter/pdf/report_09…

New York State. 2003. “Governor Visits National Guard Troops, Families In Syracuse.” 26 March.
http://www.state.ny.us/governor/press/03/march26_03.htm

New Yorker. 2001. “September 11, 2001.” 24 September.
http://web.archive.org/web/20020215175752/http://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/…

NORAD. 2001. Press release. “NORAD maintains Northern Vigilance.” 9 September.
http://www.norad.mil/News/2001/090901.html

O'Toole, Tara, Michael Mair, and Thomas V. Inglesby. 2002. “Confronting biological weapons: Shining light on 'Dark Winter.'” Clinical Infectious Diseases 2002, no. 34. 2002.
http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/full/10.1086/339909?cookieSet=1

Office of Medical History. 2004. “Soldiers to the rescue.” September.
http://history.amedd.army.mil/memoirs/soldiers/toc.htm

Passino, Ed. 2001. “Exercise Tests Belvoir's First Responders.” MDW News Service. 5 July.
http://www.mdw.army.mil/content/anmviewer.asp?a=628

Pavetti, Jeffry A. 2001. “Comprehensive Annual Financial Report for the Year Ended December 31, 2001.” Westmoreland County Annual Financial Report.
http://www.co.westmoreland.pa.us/westmoreland/lib/westmoreland/cntrl/forms/01caf…

Pooley, Eric. 2001. “Mayor of the World.” Time. 22 December.
http://www.time.com/time/poy2001/poyprofile.html

Ramirez, Pedro. 2001. “Air Unit Says It's Ready For War.” Post-Standard (Syracuse). 24 October.
http://web.archive.org/web/20020821021239/http://syracuse.com/news/content.ssf?/…

Ramirez, Pedro. 2001. “174th's Jets To Keep Watch Over NYC.” Post-Standard (Syracuse). 8 December.
http://web.archive.org/web/20030113155138/http://syracuse.com/news/content.ssf?/…

Ramirez, Pedro and Walt Wasilewski. 2001. “Area's Military Units On High Alert.” Post-Standard (Syracuse). 11 September.
http://web.archive.org/web/20020821031254/http://syracuse.com/news/content.ssf?/…

Richelson, Jeffrey T. 2009. Defusing Armageddon: Inside NEST, America's Secret Nuclear Bomb Squad. New York: W.W. Norton & Co.
http://www.amazon.com/Defusing-Armageddon-Inside-Americas-Nuclear/dp/0393065154

Ryan, Dennis. 2000. “Contingency planning Pentagon MASCAL exercise simulates scenarios in preparing for emergencies.” MDW News Service. 3 November.
http://www.mdw.army.mil/content/anmviewer.asp?a=290

Scalet, Sarah D. 2004. “Is This Any Place to Hold a Convention?” CSO Magazine. September.
http://www.csoonline.com/read/090104/convention.html

Schmitt, Eric. 2004. “Pentagon Rejected Pre-9/11 Hijacking Exercise.” New York Times. 14 April.
http://www.nytimes.com/2004/04/14/politics/14PENT.html

Schwartz, Stephen I. 1998. “Box 3-3: Emergency command posts and the continuity of government.” In Atomic audit: The costs and consequences of U.S. nuclear weapons since 1940. Washington, D.C: Brookings Institution Press.
http://www.brookings.edu/fp/projects/nucwcost/box3_3.htm

Sciolino, Elaine and John H. Cushman Jr. 2001. “A route out of Washington, horribly changed.” New York Times. 13 September.
http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0DEFDC1038F930A2575AC0A9679C8B6…

Seely, Hart. 2002. “Amid crisis simulation, 'we were suddenly no-kidding under attack.'” Newhouse News Service. 25 January.
http://www.911readingroom.org/whole_document.php?article_id=278
http://web.archive.org/web/20020219050126/http://www.newhouse.com/archive/story1…

Simmie, Scott. 2001. “The scene at NORAD on Sept. 11: Playing Russian war games. and then someone shouted to look at the monitor.” Toronto Star. 9 December.
http://www.911readingroom.org/whole_document.php?article_id=92

Sizemore, Bill. 2001. “Langley pilots find themselves on new kind of combat patrol.” Virginian-Pilot. 24 September.
http://web.archive.org/web/20011023071404/www.pilotonline.com/military/ml0924fly…

Skiba, Katherine M. 2001. “Moniker says it all about top gun pilot protecting skies.” Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. 19 October.
http://www2.jsonline.com/news/attack/oct01/langley19101801.asp

Spencer, Lynn. 2008. Touching history: The untold story of the drama that unfolded in the skies over America on 9/11. New York: Free Press.
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1416559256/centerforcoop-20

Starr, Barbara. 2004. “NORAD Exercise Had Jet Crashing into Building.” CNN. 19 April.
http://www.cnn.com/2004/US/04/19/norad.exercise

Swindon Advertiser. 2001. “Airbase is to open for flying exercise.” 30 August.
http://archive.thisiswiltshire.co.uk/2001/8/30/210356.html

Thomas, Pierre. 1997. “Experts prepare for 'an electronic Pearl Harbor.'” CNN. 7 November.
http://www.cnn.com/US/9711/07/terrorism.infrastructure/

Uniformed Services University. 2002. “Pentagon triage: Springing into action.” January.
https://www01.hjf.org/apps/internet/hjfnewscenter.nsf/7964333c3d1482eb85256a5400…

United Press International. 2004. “DOD Rehearsed Plane Hitting Pentagon.” 22 April.
http://web.archive.org/web/20050211062128/http://www.washtimes.com/upi-breaking/…

United States General Accounting Office. 1999. Combating terrorism: Analysis of federal counterterrorist exercises. United States General Accounting Office.
http://www.gao.gov/archive/1999/ns99157b.pdf

United States Secret Service. 2002. “National Special Security Events.”
http://web.archive.org/web/20020409121010/http://www.secretservice.gov/nsse.shtm…

Urquhart, Brian. 2004. “A matter of truth.” New York Review of Books. 13 May.
http://www.nybooks.com/articles/17092

US Congress. 2005. Tribute To SMSgt Robert F. Young, Jr.. 109th Cong., 1st sess., Congressional Record - Extension of Remarks, 151.
http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getpage.cgi?dbname=2005_record&p…

US Congress. House. 2002. Proposal to create a department of homeland security: Hearing before the subcommittee on crime, terrorism, and homeland security of the Committee on the Judiciary, House of Representatives. 107th Cong., 2nd Sess. Congressional Record.
http://commdocs.house.gov/committees/judiciary/hju80551.000/hju80551_0.HTM

US Congress. House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence and the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence. 2002. Statement of Richard A. Clarke, special adviser to the president for cyberspace security, Executive Office of the President, accompanied by Roger Cressey and John Bellinger, National Security Council. 107th Cong., 2nd sess.
http://web.archive.org/web/20050305175544/intelligence.senate.gov/clark.pdf

US Congress. Senate. Armed Services Committee. 2002. Statement of Gen. William F. Kernan US Army Commander in Chief US Joint Forces Command before the Senate Armed Services Committee United States Senate. 107th Congress, 2nd session Congressional Record.
http://www.jfcom.mil/newslink/storyarchive/2002/pa040902.htm

US Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations. 2001. Statement of Norman Y. Mineta Secretary of Transportation before the Senate Committee on Appropriations, Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, State and the Judiciary, on the government's efforts to combat terrorism. 107th Congress, 1st session Congressional Record.
http://testimony.ost.dot.gov/test/pasttest/01test/Mineta5.htm

US Congress. The House Permanent Select Committee On Intelligence and the Senate Select Committee On Intelligence. 2002. Joint Inquiry Staff Statement, Part I. 107th Cong., 2nd sess.
http://www.fas.org/irp/congress/2002_hr/091802hill.html

US Department of Health and Human Services. 2002. Arlington County: After-action report on the response to the September 11 terrorist attack on the Pentagon.
http://www.arlingtonva.us/departments/Fire/edu/about/FireEduAboutAfterReport.asp…

US Joint Forces Command. 2001. “Unified Vision yields results.” 25 June.
http://www.jfcom.mil/newslink/storyarchive/2001/pa062501.htm

US Medicine. 2002. “Crisis response puts agencies on path to better coordination.” January.
http://www.usmedicine.com/article.cfm?articleID=329&issueID=34

Vogel, Steve. 2001. “Region's Army Posts To Restrict Public Access: Officials Fear Crackdown Will Affect Relations, Traffic.” Washington Post. 15 August.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn/A12250-2001Aug14

Vogel, Steve. 2002. “Flights of vgilance over the capital.” Washington Post. 8 April.

Wadhams, Nick. 2002. “Joint US, Canadian hijacking drill takes off with Whidbey flight.” Associated Press. 5 June.
http://seattlepi.nwsource.com/local/73287_hijack05.shtml

Wahl, Karen. 2001. “Positive Force '01: America's Assessment for Readiness.” Provider Update. October.
http://www.dscp.dla.mil/corpcomm/oct01/story24.htm

Waller, Douglas. 1996. “Nuclear Ninjas.” Time. 8 January.
http://www.time.com/time/printout/0,8816,983911,00.html

Waller, Douglas. 1998. “Inisde the hunt for Osama The Feds have tailed the Saudi and his secret network for years. So why didn't they stop the Africa bombings?” Time. 21 December.
http://www.time.com/time/printout/0,8816,989866,00.html

Wamble, Stacy. 2001. “Forts Myer, McNair to implement access ban.” MDW News Service. 3 August.
http://www.mdw.army.mil/content/anmviewer.asp?a=609

Warrick, Joby and Joe Stephens. 2001. “Before attack, US expected different hit: Chemical, germ agents focus of preparations.” Washington Post. 2 October.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn/A55607-2001Oct1?language=printer

Wasilewski, Walt. 2001. “Fighter Wing's aircraft diverted.” Post-Standard (Syracuse). 12 September.
http://web.archive.org/web/20030418102114/http://syracuse.com/news/content.ssf?/…

Wasilewski, Walt. 2001. “174th Fighter Jets In First-Of-Kind Role.” Post-Standard (Syracuse). 14 September.
http://web.archive.org/web/20020224055038/http://www.syracuse.com/news/content.s…

Wasilewski, Walt. 2001. “174th Back From Duty In Mideast.” Post-Standard (Syracuse). 15 September.
http://web.archive.org/web/20020224062735/http://www.syracuse.com/news/content.s…

Wasilewski, Walt. 2001. “174th Ready To Fly Again, If Called.” Post-Standard (Syracuse). 25 September.
http://web.archive.org/web/20021104040712/http://syracuse.com/news/content.ssf?/…

Wastell, David and Philip Jacobson. 2001. “Israeli security issued urgent warning to CIA of large-scale terror attacks.” Daily Telegraph. 16 September.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2001/09/16/wcia16.xml

Wedge, Dave. 2004. “Memo: Pre-9/11 Drill Was Nixed.” Boston Herald. 14 April.

Weisman, Jonathan. 2001. “Shoot-down order issued on morning of chaos.” USA Today. 16 September.
http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2001/09/16/pentagon-timeline.htm

Wessels, Joe. 2001. “Air Force exercises its muscles.” Las Vegas Review-Journal. 28 July.
http://www.reviewjournal.com/lvrj_home/2001/Jul-28-Sat-2001/news/16642373.html

Zline, Patricia. 2001. “New gates bring new routine for Meade families.” Laurel Leader. 23 August.
http://news.mywebpal.com/news_tool_v2.cfm?pnpid=810&show=archivedetails&ArchiveI…

Ordering 

Time period


Categories

Key Events

Key Day of 9/11 Events (94)Key Hijacker Events (144)Key Warnings (94)

Day of 9/11

All Day of 9/11 Events (958)Flight AA 11 (109)Flight UA 175 (80)Flight AA 77 (137)Flight UA 93 (228)George Bush (90)Dick Cheney (42)Richard Clarke (30)Donald Rumsfeld (31)Pentagon (99)World Trade Center (74)Shanksville, Pennsylvania (23)Alleged Passenger Phone Calls (56)Training Exercises (40)

The Alleged 9/11 Hijackers

Alhazmi and Almihdhar (317)Marwan Alshehhi (113)Mohamed Atta (175)Hani Hanjour (66)Ziad Jarrah (53)Other 9/11 Hijackers (135)Alleged Hijackers' Flight Training (65)Hijacker Contact w Government in US (25)

Alhazmi and Almihdhar: Specific Cases

Bayoumi and Basnan Saudi Connection (49)CIA Hiding Alhazmi & Almihdhar (111)Search for Alhazmi/ Almihdhar in US (39)

Projects and Programs

Al-Qaeda Malaysia Summit (161)Able Danger (59)Sibel Edmonds (58)Phoenix Memo (26)Randy Glass/ Diamondback (8)Robert Wright and Vulgar Betrayal (66)Remote Surveillance (216)Yemen Hub (72)

Before 9/11

Soviet-Afghan War (104)Warning Signs (415)Insider Trading/ Foreknowledge (47)Counterterrorism Policy/Politics (229)Counterterrorism Action Before 9/11 (229)US Air Security (57)Hunt for Bin Laden (153)Military Exercises (46)Pipeline Politics (65)Other Pre-9/11 Events (37)

Warning Signs: Specific Cases

Foreign Intelligence Warnings (30)Bush's Aug. 6, 2001 PDB (39)Presidential Level Warnings (30)

The Post-9/11 World

9/11 Denials (27)US Government and 9/11 Criticism (61)9/11 Related Lawsuits (22)Media (43)Other Post-9/11 Events (40)

Investigations: Specific Cases

9/11 Commission (244)Role of Philip Zelikow (87)9/11 Congressional Inquiry (36)CIA OIG 9/11 Report (16)FBI 9/11 Investigation (120)WTC Investigation (113)Other 9/11 Investigations (122)

Possible Al-Qaeda-Linked Moles or Informants

Abu Hamza Al-Masri (102)Abu Qatada (35)Ali Mohamed (78)Haroon Rashid Aswat (17)Khalil Deek (19)Luai Sakra (12)Mamoun Darkazanli (30)Nabil Al-Marabh (41)Omar Bakri & Al-Muhajiroun (25)Reda Hassaine (23)Other Possible Moles or Informants (169)

Other Al-Qaeda-Linked Figures

Abu Zubaida (83)Ayman Al-Zawahiri (60)Hambali (37)Khalid Shaikh Mohammed (96)Mohammed Jamal Khalifa (47)Osama Bin Laden (164)Ramzi Yousef (66)Sheikh Omar Abdul-Rahman (57)Victor Bout (21)Wadih El-Hage (43)Zacarias Moussaoui (150)

Geopolitics and Islamic Militancy

US Dominance (99)Alleged Iraq-Al-Qaeda Links (252)Iraq War Impact on Counterterrorism (79)Israel (61)Pakistan and the ISI (374)Saudi Arabia (245)Terrorism Financing (307)Londonistan - UK Counterterrorism (310)US Intel Links to Islamic Militancy (67)Algerian Militant Collusion (41)Indonesian Militant Collusion (20)Philippine Militant Collusion (73)Yemeni Militant Collusion (47)Other Government-Militant Collusion (22)

Pakistan / ISI: Specific Cases

Pakistani Nukes & Islamic Militancy (37)Saeed Sheikh (59)Mahmood Ahmed (29)Haven in Pakistan Tribal Region (102)

Terrorism Financing: Specific Cases

Al Taqwa Bank (29)Al-Kifah/MAK (54)BCCI (37)BIF (28)BMI and Ptech (21)Bin Laden Family (59)Drugs (66)

Al-Qaeda by Region

"Lackawanna Six" (13)Al-Qaeda in Balkans (165)Al-Qaeda in Germany (117)Al-Qaeda in Italy (53)Al-Qaeda in Southeast Asia (140)Al-Qaeda in Spain (118)Islamist Militancy in Chechnya (50)

Specific Alleged Al-Qaeda Linked Attacks or Plots

1993 WTC Bombing (69)1993 Somalia Fighting (13)1995 Bojinka Plot (75)1998 US Embassy Bombings (117)Millennium Bomb Plots (42)2000 USS Cole Bombing (111)2001 Attempted Shoe Bombing (23)2002 Bali Bombings (33)2004 Madrid Train Bombings (82)2005 7/7 London Bombings (87)

'War on Terrorism' Outside Iraq

Afghanistan (212)Alleged Al-Qaeda Linked Attacks (85)Alleged Al-Qaeda Media Statements (70)Destruction of CIA Tapes (90)Escape From Afghanistan (52)High Value Detainees (140)Key Captures and Deaths (105)Terror Alerts (49)Counterterrorism Action After 9/11 (287)Counterterrorism Policy/Politics (389)Internal US Security After 9/11 (124)
Email Updates

Receive weekly email updates summarizing what contributors have added to the History Commons database

 
Donate

Developing and maintaining this site is very labor intensive. If you find it useful, please give us a hand and donate what you can.
Donate Now

Volunteer

If you would like to help us with this effort, please contact us. We need help with programming (Java, JDO, mysql, and xml), design, networking, and publicity. If you want to contribute information to this site, click the register link at the top of the page, and start contributing.
Contact Us

Creative Commons License Except where otherwise noted, the textual content of each timeline is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike